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PRODUKSI BIOETANOL DARI AMPAS SAGU (Metroxylon Sp) MELALUI PROSES PRETREATMENT DAN METODE SIMULTANEOUS SACCHARIFICATION FERMENTATION (SSF)

KHAIRUNNISAH, KHAIRUNNISAH (2014) PRODUKSI BIOETANOL DARI AMPAS SAGU (Metroxylon Sp) MELALUI PROSES PRETREATMENT DAN METODE SIMULTANEOUS SACCHARIFICATION FERMENTATION (SSF). Other thesis, ANDALAS UNIVERSITY.

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Abstract

vii INTISARI Produksi Bioetanol dari Ampas Sagu (Metroxylon sp) Melalui Proses Pretreatment dan Metode Simultaneous Saccharification Fermentation (SSF) Oleh: Khairunnisah (BP : 0910413084) Dibimbing oleh Marniati Salim, MS dan Elida Mardiah, MS Ampas sagu merupakan salah satu biomassa lignoselulosa yang dapat berpotensi menjadi bahan baku pembuatan bioetanol. Bahan lignoselulosa tersusun dari tiga komponen utama selulosa, hemiselulosa dan lignin. Keberadaan lignin dapat mengganggu proses enzimatik dan harus dihilangkan dengan proses pretreatment. Penelitian pembuatan bioetanol dari ampas sagu melalui proses pretreatment dengan menggunakan variasi konsentrasi larutan basa NaOH 1%, NH4OH 8%, NaOH 1% + NH4OH 4% dan NaOH 1% + NH4OH 8% dengan perbandingan padatan ampas sagu dan larutan basa 1:10 (w/v). Kondisi optimum pengurangan jumlah sampel setelah pretreatment didapatkan pada konsentrasi campuran basa NaOH 1% + NH4OH 8% sebesar 49,3017% dengan lama waktu inkubasi 3 hari dan suhu 500C. Hasil pengujian aktivitas enzim selulase yang dihasilkan oleh Trichoderma viride strain T1 sk terhadap substrat CMC adalah 0,1144 unit dan perolehan kadar glukosa tertinggi sebesar 921,25 μg/mL pada 0,9 gram jumlah ampas sagu sedangkan waktu optimum untuk proses sakarifikasi diperoleh pada 75 menit. Selanjutnya dillakukan metode SSF dimana sakarifikasi dan fermentasi terjadi dalam satu tahap yaitu menggunakan ekstrak kasar enzim selulase dari Trichoderma viride strain T1 sk dan inokulum Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Analisa etanol dengan GC/MS diperoleh (% area) etanol sebesar 12,99% pada lama fermentasi 168 jam. Kata Kunci : ampas sagu, lignoselulosa, pretreatment basa, SSF, bioetanol viii ABSTRACT Bioethanol Production from Sago Waste (Metroxylon sp) with Pretreatment Process and Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) Method By : Khairunnisah (0910413084) Marniati Salim, MS*, Elida Mardiah, MS** *Advisor I, ** Advisor II Sago waste is one of biomass lignocellulose that potential to produce bioethanol. Lignocellulose material consist of three major component such as cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The available of lignin become inhibitor for enzymatic process it must removed by pretreatment. Research for bioethanol production from sago waste through pretreatment process by using a variation of alkaline solution; 1% NaOH, 8% NH4OH, 1% NaOH + 4% NH4OH and 1% NaOH + 8% NH4OH with a ratio solid to liquid 1:10 (w/v) after that, followed by SSF method involved two kind of fungi like Trichoderma viride strain T1 sk for saccharification and Saccharomyces cerevisiae for fermentation process. The optimum conditions for the reduction of samples obtained after pretreatment at concentration of 1% NaOH + 8% NH4OH at 49,3017% with a long incubation period of 3 days with a temperature 500C. Result of determination cellulase enzyme activity from Trichoderma viride strain T1 sk by 0.1% CMC is 0,1144 unit and the highest glucose yield is 921,25 μg/mL from 0,9 grams substrate of sago waste while the optimum time for the saccharification process obtained in 75 minutes. Ethanol content was analyzed by GC/MS resulted 12.99% (% area) or equal with 0,38 mL ethanol yield for 168 hours of fermentation . Keywords : Sago waste, bioethanol, alkaline pretreatment, SSF

Item Type: Thesis (Other)
Subjects: Q Science > Q Science (General)
Unit atau Lembaga: Fakultas MIPA > Kimia
Pascasarjana > Doktor > Fakultas MIPA > Kimia
Fakultas MIPA > Kimia
Depositing User: Mona M Chandra
Date Deposited: 28 Jan 2015 03:39
Last Modified: 28 Jan 2015 03:39
URI: http://repository.unand.ac.id/id/eprint/21426

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