OKTALASEVA, WETRIA
(2014)
KARAKTERISTIK KESUBURAN TANAH DAN POTENSI
HARA DARI BAHAN ORGANIK SISA PANEN PADI SAWAH
PADA BEBERAPA LOKASI DI SUMATERA BARAT.
Other thesis, ANDALAS UNIVERSITY.
Abstract
12
KARAKTERISTIK KESUBURAN TANAH DAN POTENSI
HARA DARI BAHAN ORGANIK SISA PANEN PADI SAWAH
PADA BEBERAPA LOKASI DI SUMATERA BARAT
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik dan potensi
sumbangan hara dari biomassa sisa panen padi dan akar serta hubungannya
dengan karakteristik kesuburan tanah dan stok unsur hara pada sawah intensifikasi
di Sumatera Barat. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan dari bulan Agustus 2012
sampai Desember 2012. Penelitian dilakukan di tiga lokasi yaitu di Buaian,
Anduring dan Aie Angek, dengan metoda survei dan observasi lapangan. Hasil
penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status unsur hara tanah : pH tergolong agak
masam, C-organik, N-total, Ca-dd dan C/N di Buayan > Anduring > Aie Angek, P
tersedia, K-dd dan Mg-dd di Aie Angek > Anduring > Bauayan. Sumbangan hara
dari biomass tunggul padi dan akar untuk C-total menunjukkan bahwa di Buayan
> Aie Angek > Anduring, N-total pada lokasi Buayan >Anduring > Aie Angek ,
P-total di lokasi Aie Angek > Anduring > Buayan, Ca dan Mg di lokasi Aie
Angek > Anduring > Buayan, sedangkan K pada lokasi Buayan > Aie Angek >
Anduring. Rata-rata sumbangan hara biomassa sisa panen tunggul padi dan akar
(kg/ha/musim tanam) di Buayan ; N 166,21; P 2,39; K 7,49; Ca 2,77; Mg 12,38;
dan di Anduring; N 146,78; P 3,37; K 5,96; Ca 2,20; Mg 6,55; dan di Aie Angek ;
N 140,54; P 8,86; K 7,79; Ca 2,68; Mg 7,53. Stok unsur hara tanah (kg/ha) di
Buayan; N 6.760,00; P 32,03; K 10,92; Ca 18,40; Mg 30,00; dan di Anduring; N
4.420,00; P 50,41; K 18,72; Ca 16,80; Mg 32,88; dan di Aie Angek; N 2.840; P
64,86; K 8,58; Ca 14,80; Mg 38,16. Sumbangan hara dari biomassa sisa panen
tunggul padi dan akar berkorelasi positif dengan stok unsur hara tanah seperti N,P,
Ca-dd dan C-organik.
Kata kunci : bahan organik, biomassa, kesuburan tanah, padi, sawah
13
CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL FERTILITY AND NUTRIENT POTENCY OF
ORGANIC MATTER FROM RESIDUAL CROPS IN SEVERAL LOCATIONS
IN WEST SUMATERA
Abstract
The aim of this research was to determine the characteristics and potential
contribution of nutrients from residues of rice biomass and roots as well as the
relationship between soil fertility characteristics and nutrient stocks in rice field
intensifications in West Sumatra. This study was conducted by using survey
methods and field observations at three locations, in Buayan, Anduring, and Aie
Angek, from August 2012 to December 2012. The results showed that the
nutrient status of the soil : pH was slightly acid, organic-C, total-N, Caexchangeable
and C/N ration in Buayan > Anduring > Aie Angek. On other hand,
the opposite or order was found for P-available, K- and Mg-exchangeable. The
nutrient contribution of rice stubble and root biomass to C and K indicated that in
Buayan > Aie Angek > Anduring, and N in Buayan > Anduring > Aie Angek, P,
Ca and Mg in Aie Angek > Anduring > Buayan. Average nutrient contribution of
residual biomass of rice stubble and roots (kg/ha/season) in Buayan; N=166.21;
P=2.39; K=7.49; Ca=2.77; Mg=12.38; an in Anduring; N=146.78; P=3.37;
K=5.96; Ca=2.20; Mg=6.55; and in Aie Angek; N=140.54; P=8.86; K=7.79;
Ca=2.68; Mg=7.53. Stock of soil nutrients (kg/ha) in Buayan, N=6,760.00;
P=32.03; C=10.92; Ca=18.40; Mg=30.00, and in Anduring; N=4,420.00; P=50.41;
K=18.72; Ca=16.80; Mg=32.88, and in Aie Angek, N=2,840.00; P=64.86; K=8.58;
Ca=14.80; Mg=38.16. Contribution of nutrients from residual of rice stubble and
roots was positively correlated with the stock of soil nutrients such as N, P, Caexchangeable
and C-organic.
Keyword : organic matter, biomass, soil fertility, paddy ,rice field, stubble
residues, rice root.
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