Sulyanti, Eri
(2012)
Kombinasi Pseudomonad Fluorescens Dan Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular Indigenus Dari Geografis Berbeda Untuk Meningkatkan Ketahanan Tanaman Pisang Terhadap Penyakit Layu Fusarium (Fusarium Oxysporum F. Sp. Cubense).
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ISSN -
(Unpublished)
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) is a fungal plant pathogen that causes Panama disease of banana (Musa spp.), also known as Fusarium wilt of banana is the most important and destructive diseases on banana, causing decrease yields and death plants. Once Foc is present in the soil, it cannot be eliminated. The disease is important not only because of the geographic distribution, but also because of its wide host range. To overcome this problem, one way can be done namely by introducing the indigenous Pseudomonad fluorescens (Pf) isolates and indigenous Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AM Fungi) isolates and and their conbinations along with to detect their antifungal fitoalexins to control Foc ras 4. The studies were aimed at isolating the type of Pseudomonads fluorescens and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi species associated with healthy banana rizospheres among the infected plants by fusarium wilt at different altitudes in the centre banana production areas at West Sumatra, identifying and characterizing them to be the biocontrol agents to Foc ras 4 and it relations to their antifungal; to know the potential of various isolates of Pf and AM Fungi indigenous that can induce the growth of banana seedlings; to get the specific Pf and AM Fungi inoculum of banana rizhosphere that is effective to control fusarium wilt diseases. To search the effect of the combination between Pf and AM Fungi isolates and their anti microbial production in controlling Fusarium wilt on banana seedlings. The study consisted of three stages: the first and the second stages was using survey methods by conducting field observations, laboratory work, greenhouse experiment; the third stages were a laboratory work and greenhouse experiment. The result showed that the combination of three Pseudomonad fluorescens indigeneous (Pf) potensial isolates: Par1-Cv, Par4-Rj1, Par2-Jt1, and three of AM Fungi potensial isolates: Gl1BuA4, Gl2BuA6, and Gl1KeP3 (Glomus type 1-2) were applied as a singly and combination two of them. The results showed that the combined application of biocontrol organism Pseudomonad fluorescens bacteria and AM Fungi were better than singly application to increase host defence and an effective control option for banana growers dealing with Fusarium wilt. The most effective to increase dry weight of biomassa banana seedlings was Par1-Cv + Gl1BuA4 isolates (142,48%) followed by Par1-Cv + Gl2BuA6 (139,26%); and Par2-Jt1 + Gl1KeP3 (132,47%) and reduced percentage of pseudostem discoloration up to 100%, respectively. Accumulation of total phenolic were variety distribution all over plants (roots, pseudostem, and leaves). The highest acumulation of total phenolic was on the roots areas at twelve hour after isolates application.
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