KARAKTERISASI GENOTIPE JERUK (Citrus sp.) INDIGENOUS SUMATERA BARAT DENGAN MARKA MOLEKULER RAPD

Suliansyah, Irfan (2010) KARAKTERISASI GENOTIPE JERUK (Citrus sp.) INDIGENOUS SUMATERA BARAT DENGAN MARKA MOLEKULER RAPD. Stigma, 13 (4). ISSN 0853-3776

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Abstract

Characterization and cataloguing of germplasm collec-tions subjected to discriminate among available genotypes to establish the level of genetic diversity and, thereby, identify the most suitable material for crop improvement. In general manner, genetic characterization could with visual, protein and DNA markers. Genetic study within and among species with DNA markers more accurately than visual and protein markers. DNA markers have ability to identify genetic diversity in tissue or cell level, and the polymorphism uninfluenced by environments. RFLP, AFLP, and RAPD are DNA markers have been used for genetic characterization in plant breeding. In this study, RAPD analysis subjected to analyze genetic diversity and relationships among genotypes of citrus. Five genotype of citrus (1) Keprok Kacang, 2) Kanci, 3) Lunggo, 4) Kambing, and 5) Pasaman Besar) were objected in this study. Each accession product was considered to be a unit character, which the accession was scored for the presence (1) or absence (0) of a product. Genetic similarity (F) between all pairs of accessions was calculated according to Nei and Li (1979).The similarity indices were converted into dissimilarity. The resulting dissimilarity matrix was subjected to hierarchical cluster analysis using the Unweighted Pair Group Method and Arithmetic Average (UPGMA) and was done using computer program NTSYS-pc, version 1.80 (Exeter software, New York).The result demonstrated that RAPD analysis is able to reveal genetic difference between citrus genotype. A dendogram based on the UPGMA-link method using Nei and Li similarity and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) plot separate the genotype into two main groups, Keprok Kacang genotype on the one side and Lunggo, Kambing, Besar Pasaman, and Kanci genotype on the other side. Key words: Genetic characterization, Citrus sp., Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA

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