PENGARUH HERBISIDA GLIFOSAT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN KERAGAMAN MIKROORGANISME DALAM TANAH SERTA PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN KEDELAI (Glicyne max (L.) Merr.) PADA ULTISOL

Emalinda, Oktanis and Wahyudi, Ari Prima and Agustian, Agustian (2010) PENGARUH HERBISIDA GLIFOSAT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN KERAGAMAN MIKROORGANISME DALAM TANAH SERTA PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN KEDELAI (Glicyne max (L.) Merr.) PADA ULTISOL. Jurnal Stigma, 11 (4). ISSN 0853-3776

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Abstract

Soil micro organism have well known significant role in plant nutrients cycles and plant nutrients availability. Repeated glyphosate application and unwise used this herbicide may give an impact in soil micro organism population and create a shifts in community structure in soil microcosm. The objectives of this study were to (1) analyze the effects of different glyphosate application rates on soil micro organism population and community structure, and (2) determine its effect on soybean growth. This experiment was started in May, 2001 at Soil Department laboratory, Plant Diseases laboratory and Greenhouse Faculty of Agriculture Andalas University. Two series of experiment conducted were: first, herbicide application in culture media containing soil extract; and second, herbicide application in soil as growth media of soybean. Five treatments and three replications arranged in Completely Randomized Design were used in both series of experiment. The treatments assay was doses of glyphosate application i.e.: without glyphosate, 2 ml, 4 ml, 6 ml and 8 ml of glyphosate. Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test was used to compare the results obtained in this experiment. Total population obtained in 2 ml application of glyphosate in soil extract agar medium are 111.1 x 5.05 106 g-1 of soil or decreasing  50%. If doses of glyphosate increase to 8 ml the total of population diminished  75%. The glyphosate application has only influence to fungi population but not to the total population in limed soil extract agar. The diameter of bacteria and fungi colony observed in unlimed or limed soil extract agar media decrease and has the same pattern with the population. The glyfosate application in second series experiment using soil media have no effect to the total population observed and soybean growth. Key words: Glyphosate, soil micro organisms, soybean, Ultisol

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