Formulasi Pelet Ekstrak Bawang putih (Allium sativum) yang Disalut Dengan Etermanan dan Uji Mukoadhesifnya

Soewandhi, Sundani Nurono and Sutrisni, Ni Nyoman Wiwik (2014) Formulasi Pelet Ekstrak Bawang putih (Allium sativum) yang Disalut Dengan Etermanan dan Uji Mukoadhesifnya. Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Farmasi, 11 (2). pp. 48-57. ISSN 1410-077

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Abstract

Garlic (Allium sativum) extract has antihiperlipidemic, antihypertensive effects, highly hygroscopic properties and smelly. Ethermannan (carboxymethyl glucomannan sodium), has an ability to produce thin film if it is sprayed, and could cover smell of extract. Ethermannan has also antihiperlipidemic effect and would be tried into a mucoadhesive system. The pellet was produced by extrusion-spheronization method and was developed using two factorial experimentat design in order to det-ermine critical parameters influencing the production process, i'e. amount of water, rate of extruder, rate of spheronizer and time of spheronization. Measurld..rpon, included moisture content, yield of pellet, yield of pellet in size of 710-900 µm, bulk density, true density, and porolity. Coating process of the pellet was done using a Wuster coater and conducted to obiain 1,2, and 3% of weight gain respectirely. Mucoadhesive evaluation was conducted using wash off method in laboratorium scale. According to the prelimenary study, the amount of garlic extract to form a pellet is 20% of the total mass with lactose and Avicel PH 101 1:1. Analysis using two factorial experimentai design showed that the narrower distribution size of the pellet, the bigger size of the pellet and ionsequently m6re spherical pellet could be obtained if rnore amount of water and longer time of spheronization were appied. A higher moisture content of the pellet was obtained if more water and shorter time bf spheronization were applie. Bulk density of the pellet increased if more water, higher rate of spheronizer and longer spheronization were applied. True density and percentage of porocity of the pellet weren't significantly influenced by any critical parameters studied. Because the desired diameter of the pellet was of 710-1400 µm.with a moisture content of lower than 10%, spherical pellet, and good yield of pellet then the amount of water should be 18 mL for every 50 g of mass of the pellet. The condition of process were 100 rpm, 850 rpm and 1 minute for rate of extruder, rate of spheronizer and time of spheronization respectivelly . Film of ethermannan showed a homogenous thickness, this was known based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM), in amorphous form. Etermanian-coated garlic extract pellet decreased the garlic odor intensity of that of the dosage forrnand produced more spherical and glossy pellet. Keywords: garlic extract, pellet, extrusion-spheronization, ethermannan, film coating, mucoadhesive.

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