TELAAH PUSTAKA FARMAKOGENETIK ANTIEMETIK ANTAGONIS RESEPTOR 5-HIDROKSITRIPTAMIN 3 DALAM ONKOLOGI

Perwitasari, Dyah Aryani (2008) TELAAH PUSTAKA FARMAKOGENETIK ANTIEMETIK ANTAGONIS RESEPTOR 5-HIDROKSITRIPTAMIN 3 DALAM ONKOLOGI. Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Farmasi, 13 (2). ISSN 1410 – 0177

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Abstract

Nausea and vomiting are the most distressful side effects of cytotoxic drugs in cancer patients. Anti-emetics, such as 5 Hydroxytriptamine 3 reseptor antagonist (5 HT3), dopamine antagonist and neurokinin 1 antagonist are commonly used to reduce these side effects. However, the current anti-emetic efficacy is about 70%-80% in cancer patients treated with high emetogenic cytotoxic drugs. One of the potential factors explaining this suboptimal response is variability in genes encoding enzymes and proteins which play a role in metabolism, transport and receptors related to anti-emetic drugs, beside other risk factors This review presents the genetic variation of the 5- HT3 receptor, CYP2D6 and ATP Binding Casette sub-family B member 1 (ABCB1). Moreover, pharmacogenetic studies exploring associations between genetic variation related to these anti-emetics and efficacy are reviewed. We did the review with keywords of (5-HT[tw] AND 3B[tw]) OR ("Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3"[Mesh] AND 3b[tw]) OR 5HT3B OR 5HT-3B OR 5-HT3B OR 5-HT-3B OR 5-HT-3B OR (serotonin AND 3B[tw]) OR HTR3B) AND (polymorphism OR polymorphisms OR pharmacogenetic OR pharmacogenetics OR pharmacogen* OR pharmacogenomic OR pharmacogenomics OR genetics OR genetic OR genetic* OR genomic OR genomics OR genom*) in the US National Library of Medicine (PubMed). There were seventy-one articles, with six articles about pharmacogenetic of antagonists receptor 5-HT3 in oncology. It is concluded that genetic variations in the gene encoding the 5HT3B receptor, 5 HT3C receptor, cytochrome P450 2D6 and ABCB1 transporter are related to failure of response to 5- hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor antagonists in cancer patients. Pharmacogenetics has the potential impact to improve the pharmacotherapy of anti-emetics in cancer patients. Keywords : anti-emetics, pharmacogenetics, cancer

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