erna rosi, erna rosi
(2014)
Induksi Ketahanan Tanaman Tomat Menggunakan Isolat Bakteri Endofit Indigenus untuk Pengendalian Penyakit Bercak Bakteri (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vesicatoria).
Induksi Ketahanan Tanaman Tomat Menggunakan Isolat Bakteri Endofit Indigenus untuk Pengendalian Penyakit Bercak Bakteri (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vesicatoria)
.
(Unpublished)
Abstract
Abstrak: Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas Padang dari Agustus sampai November 2011. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mendapatkan isolat bakteri endofit indigenus yang mampu mengendalikan penyakit Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vesicatoria, meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman tomat. Penelitian disusun berdasarkan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 10 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan yang terdiri dari isolat rizobakteria endofit indigenus (AgE 3.3.1, AgE 3.2.2, AgE 3.4.2, TdE 1.1.1, TdE 2.1.2, TdE 1.3.2, TpE 2.3.1, TpE 2.3.2, TpE 2.41, TpE 2.4.2) dan kontrol. Peubah yang diamati adalah Perkembangan penyakit Bercak Bakteri ( masa inkubasi penyakit Bercak Bakteri, persentase daun terserang Xav, intensitas daun terserang Xav ), pertumbuhan tanaman tomat (daya muncul lapang, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, muncul bunga dan berat buah). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isolat bakteri endofit indigenus mampu menekan serangan Xav dan dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman tomat. Isolat TpE 2.3.1, AgE 3.4.2, dan TpE 2.3.2 adalah isolat yang mampu menekan serangan Xav dengan efektivitas 42,11%, 30,42 dan 27,29%. Sedangkan isolat TdE 1.3.2 ,TdE 1.1.1 dan TpE 2.4.2 adalah isolat yang mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman tomat dengan rata-rata efektivitas peningkatan 20,25%, 12,65%, dan 10,19%.
Kata Kunci: Induksi Ketahanan, isolat bakteri endofit, Tanaman tomat, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vesicatoria
Abstract: The research was conducted at Microbiology Laboratory of Pest and Plant Disease Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University Padang in August to December 2011. The objective of the research is to acquire the isolate of indigenus endofit bacteria which can control the Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vesicatoria disease, to increase the growth and the production of tomato plant.
The research was arranged based on complete random design with 10 ways of treating 5 repetitions which consist of isolate rizobacteria endofit indigenus (AgE 3.3.1, AgE 3.2.2, AgE 3.4.2, TdE 1.1.1, TdE 2.1.2, TdE 1.3.2, TpE 2.3.1, TpE 2.3.2, TpE 2.4.1, TpE 2.4.2) and control. The observed transformations are the developing of Bacterial spot disease (incubation period of Bacterial spot, percentage of Xav contaminated leaf, intensity
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of Xav contaminated leaf), the growth of tomato plant (the power of spacious arise), plant height, number of leaf, the appearance of flower and tomato weight).
The result of the research shows that isolate of endofit indigenus bacteria can push the bout from Xav and can increase the growth and the production of tomato plant. Isolate TpE 2.3.1, AgE 3.4.2, and TpE 2.3.2 are the isolates which can push the Xav bout with the effectiveness of 42,11%, 30,42, and 27,29%. Whereas isolate TdE 1.3.2, TdE 1.1.1, and TpE 2.4.2 are the isolates which can increase the growth of tomato plant with the raising of effectiveness average are 20,25%, 12,65%, and 10,19%.
Key words: Induction of resistance, isolate endofit bacteria, tomato plants, and Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vesicatoria
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