Helson, Jasri
(2014)
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN GAMBIR SEBAGAI BAHAN PENYAMAK NABATI TERHADAP MUTU KIMIAWI KULIT KAMBING.
Other thesis, Universitas Andalas.
Abstract
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN GAMBIR SEBAGAI BAHAN PENYAMAK NABATI TERHADAP MUTU KIMIAWI KULIT KAMBING
Jasri Helson, di bawah bimbingan
Deni Novia S.TP., MP dan Indri Juliyarsi, S. P., MP
Program Studi Teknologi Hasil Ternak, Jurusan Produksi Ternak
Fakultas Peternakan
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui, pemberian gambir pada level berapa yang menghasilkan kulit samak dengan mutu kimiawi yang terbaik dan sesuai dengan Standar Nasional Indonesia mutu kimiawi kulit kambing (SNI 06-0463-1989). Bahan baku yang digunakan untuk menyamak kulit adalah: 20 lembar kulit kambing, bahan penyamak gambir 25% (± 7 kg) yang dihitung dari penimbangan berat bloten kulit. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari 5 perlakuan dengan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan penelitian ini adalah persentase (%) jumlah gambir yang ditambahkan pada masing-masing perlakuan yang terdiri dari: perlakuan A: 15%, perlakuan B: 20%, perlakuan C: 25%, perlakuan D: 30%, dan perlakuan E: 35%. Variabel yang diukur adalah kadar Air, kadar zat kulit mentah, kadar minyak, kadar zat larut dalam air, kadar abu tak larut dalam air, kadar zat penyamak (tanin) terikat dan derajat penyamakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata (P<0.05) terhadap penurunan kadar air, kadar zat kulit mentah, kadar zat larut dalam air dan peningkatan derajat penyamakan dan berbeda tidak nyata (P>0.05) terhadap peningkatan kadar minyak, penurunan kadar abu dan peningkatan kadar zat penyamak (tanin) terikat. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah perlakuan C (25% gambir) merupakan konsenterasi penambahan dengan hasil yang terbaik dimana diperoleh kadar air 17.06%, kadar zat kulit mentah 4.25%, kadar lemak/minyak 7.69%, kadar zat larut dalam air 4.16% kadar abu 0.995%, kadar zat penyamak (tanin) terikat dan drajat penyamakan 1554.21%, serta memenuhi standar mutu SNI. 1989 dan SNI. 2009.
Kata Kunci : Gambir, penyamakan nabati, tanin, mutu kimiawi, kulit kambing.
GAMBIER GIVING EFFECT AS TO THE QUALITY OF CHEMICAL PLANT tanner GOAT SKIN
Jasri Helson, under the guidance
Deni Novia S.TP., MP and Indri Juliyarsi, S. P., MP
Livestock Products Technology Studies Program, Department of Livestock Production
Faculty of Animal Husbandry
ABSTRACT
This study aims to determine, giving gambier at what level that produces quality leather with the best chemical and according to the Indonesia National Standard chemical quality of goat skin (SNI 06-0463-1989). Raw materials used for tanning leather is: 20 pieces of goat skin, tanning materials gambier 25% (± 7 kg) which was calculated from weighing bloten skin. The method used in this study is an experimental method using a Random Design Group (RGD), which consists of 5 treatments with 4 replications. Treatment of this study is the percentage (%) number of gambier is added to each treatment consisting of: treatment A: 15%, treatment B: 20%, treatment C: 25%, treatment D: 30%, and treatment of E: 35 %. The variables measured were water content, the levels of substance hides, oil levels, levels of water-soluble substances, insoluble ash content in the water, the levels of tanning substances (tannin) bound and the degree of tanning. The results showed a significantly different (P <0.05) to the decline in water levels, levels of rawhide substances, substances soluble in water levels and increasing the degree of tanning and did not differ significantly (P> 0.05) to increase the oil content, ash content decreased and increased levels of tanning substances (tannin) bound. The conclusion of this study is the treatment of C (25% Gambier) is the addition konsenterasi with the best results where obtained 17:06% water content, the levels of substances rawhide 4:25%, the fat / oil 7.69%, levels of water-soluble substances 4:16% ash content of 0995 %, the levels of tanning substances (tannin) and the bound degrees of tanning 1554.21%, and meet ISO quality standards. 1989 and SNI. , 2009.
Keywords: Gambier, vegetable tanning, tannins, chemical quality, goat skin.
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