PENGARUH BAHASA PERTAMA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BAHASA INDONESIA LISAN DAN TULIS ANAK-ANAK MINANGKABAU

MARNITA , RINA and SURAIYA, LUCY (2008) PENGARUH BAHASA PERTAMA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BAHASA INDONESIA LISAN DAN TULIS ANAK-ANAK MINANGKABAU. Working Paper. FAKULTAS SASTRA. (Unpublished)

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Abstract

Bilingualism is a characteristics of most societies in the world; most children in the world today is also bilingual. It is very unlikely that children who have an access to a bilingual society would not be bilingual. Minangkabau children are mainly bilingual; they can speak in their mother tounge, the Minangkabau language, and the national language, Bahasa Indonesia. It is interesting to investigate whether children’s first language affects their language performace at school and whether sociolinguistic aspects such as language choice and attitude contribute to their oral and written language competence. A research to see the effect of first language to children’s oral and written language competence is conducted to 95 Minangkabau children in Padang city. Oral and written tests are conducted; the statistical analysis of the data obtained then are related to the first language of the students and to their language behaviour. The research shows that there is children’s first language affects their language competence both in oral and written Indonesian language competence. Statistical analysis shows that there is a significant difference in written language competence (significant at 3.6%) and oral language competence (significant at 2.9%) between children of different first language. Children whose first language is Indonesian has better oral and written Indonesian language performance. However, statistical analysis reveals that children’s first language can not explain children oral and written language performance. This means that there are other factors that determine this language competence. The research also tells us that children has different language behaviour based on first language, gender and age. Children with Indonesian language as the first language speak Indonesian more consistently than those with Minang. Girls use more Indonesian than boys in all domains. Older girls have more language awareness than the younger and all boys. However, children’s language behaviour may not determine their Indonesian language competence.

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